Xing Wu
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Effects of Anti-Aging Supplements in Men
Synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) decreases during aging, which would limit the activity of enzymes which need it for their catalytic activity. Animal studies indicate that reconstitution of cellular NAD+ may have beneficial effects on aging and age-related diseases, but the situation in humans is less clear. Yoshino et al. report the effects of supplementation with NAD+ nicotinamide mononucleotide precursor in overweight or obese postmenopausal women with prediabetes (see Perspective of Hepler and Bass). The treatment improved insulin sensitivity in the muscle, although a change in NAD+ the content was not detected. The treatment also increased the expression of platelet-derived growth factor b. Results support the potential therapeutic action of NAD+ supplementation in humans, but how the various precursors of NAD + are processed in specific tissues remains to be fully explored.
Science, abe9985, this issue p. 1224; see also abj0764, p. 1147
Abstract
In rodents, obesity and aging alter the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis, which contributes to metabolic dysfunction. The availability of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a factor limiting the level of NAD in mammals+ biosynthesis. We conducted a 10-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to assess the effect of NMN supplementation on metabolic function in postmenopausal women with prediabetes who were overweight or obese. Insulin-stimulated glucose clearance assessed using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle [phosphorylation of protein kinase AKT and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)] increased after NMN supplementation but did not change after placebo treatment. NMN supplementation upregulated expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β and other genes related to muscle remodeling. These results demonstrate that NMN increases muscle insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and remodeling in women with prediabetes who are overweight or obese (clinicaltrial.gov NCT 03151239).
